Design, fabrication and characterization of a three dimensions power splitter in written waveguides in Lithium Niobate by fs laser

Abstract

In this work we present a beam splitter micromachined in three dimensions (3D) with type II waveguide structures made in a Lithium Niobate crystal by using femtosecond laser writing technique. Photonic circuits with this functionality have not been reported using type II waveguides. In addition, in this work we show the main characteristics of these 3D optical circuits from coupling laser light in the designs. In particular, we analyse the relationship of the input/output signals in the 1x4 format, for each of the branches of the splitter. We also test the output/input signals in a 4x1 configuration of each manufactured device. Currently, laser writing occupies a predominant place in the development of prototypes of different integrated photonic elements for several applications. The implementation of the designed systems using three-dimensional architectures will allow greater integration and multiplexing of different sensors based on integrated photonics within the same device.